Once deployed at a dozen locations across the Soviet Union, by the early 1990s the SS-11 were deployed at only half a dozen sites: Bershet' [Perm], Drovyanaya, Kozel'sk [Kozelsk], Krasnoyarsk [Gladkaya], Teykovo and Yasnaya [Olovyannaya], and by the late 1990s all had been withdrawn from service.
