Once deployed at a dozen locations across the Soviet Union, by the early 1990s the SS-11 were deployed at only half a dozen sites: Bershet' [Perm], Drovyanaya, Kozel'sk [Kozelsk], Krasnoyarsk [Gladkaya], Teykovo and Yasnaya [Olovyannaya], and by the late 1990s all had been withdrawn from service.
Deployment of the railroad-based SS-24 Mod-1 (15Zh61) started on 28 November 1989, and the first regiment with railroad-based missiles was put on alert on 20 October 1987. Altogether 36 railway-based RT-23UTTh missiles were in three garrison areas: 12 launchers at Kostroma (400 km east of Moscow), 9 launchers at Bershet (1,250 km east of Moscow), and 12 launchers at Krasnoyarsk in Siberia. The Military Railroad Missile Complex (Boyevoy Zheleznyy Raketnyy Kompleks BZhRK) consists of three launch cars [each with a single missile], a command and control car, cars for personnel, and several diesel locomotives. By 1994 most of the rail-mobile systems remained in garrison due to lack of funding.
