TITLE XII--COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION

SEC. 1201. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the "Cooperative Threat Reduction Act of 1993".

SEC. 1202. FINDINGS ON COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION.

The Congress finds that it is in the national security interest of the United States for the United States to do the following:

(1) Facilitate, on a priority basis, the transportation, storage, safeguarding, and elimination of nuclear and other weapons of the independent states of the former Soviet Union, including--

(A) the safe and secure storage of fissile materials derived from the elimination of nuclear weapons;

(B) the dismantlement of

(i) intercontinental ballistic missiles and launchers for such missiles,

(ii) submarine- launched ballistic missiles and launchers for such missiles, and

(iii) heavy bombers; and

(C) the elimination of chemical, biological and other weapons capabilities.

(2) Facilitate, on a priority basis, the prevention of proliferation of weapons (and components of weapons) of mass destruction and destabilizing conventional weapons of the independent states of the former Soviet Union and the establishment of verifiable safeguards against the proliferation of such weapons and components.

(3) Facilitate, on a priority basis, the prevention of diversion of weapons-related scientific expertise of the independent states of the former Soviet Union to terrorist groups or third world countries.

(4) Support

(A) the demilitarization of the defense-related industry and equipment of the independent states of the former Soviet Union, and

(B) the conversion of such industry and equipment to civilian purposes and uses.

(5) Expand military-to-military and defense contacts between the United States and the independent states of the former Soviet Union.

SEC. 1203. AUTHORITY FOR PROGRAMS TO FACILITATE COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION.

(a) IN GENERAL.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the President may conduct programs described in subsection (b) to assist the independent states of the former Soviet Union in the demilitarization of the former Soviet Union. Any such program may be carried out only to the extent that the President determines that the program will directly contribute to the national security interests of the United States.

(b) AUTHORIZED PROGRAMS.--The programs referred to in subsection (a) are the following:

(1) Programs to facilitate the elimination, and the safe and secure transportation and storage, of nuclear, chemical, and other weapons and their delivery vehicles.

(2) Programs to facilitate the safe and secure storage of fissile materials derived from the elimination of nuclear weapons.

(3) Programs to prevent the proliferation of weapons, weapons components, and weapons-related technology and expertise.

(4) Programs to expand military-to-military and defense contacts.

(5) Programs to facilitate the demilitarization of defense industries and the conversion of military technologies and capabilities into civilian activities.

(6) Programs to assist in the environmental restoration of former military sites and installations when such restoration is necessary to the demilitarization or conversion programs authorized in paragraph (5).

(7) Programs to provide housing for former military personnel of the former Soviet Union released from military service in connection with the dismantlement of strategic nuclear weapons, when provision of such housing is necessary for dismantlement of strategic nuclear weapons and when no other funds are available for such housing.

(8) Other programs as described in section 212(b) of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 (title II of Public Law 102-228; 22 U.S.C. 2551 note) and section 1412(b) of the Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of 1992 (title XIV of Public Law 102-484; 22 U.S.C. 5901 et seq.).z

(c) UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION.--The programs described in subsection (b) should, to the extent feasible, draw upon United States technology and expertise, especially from the private sector of the United States.

(d) RESTRICTIONS.--Assistance authorized by subsection (a) may not be provided to any independent state of the former Soviet Union for any year unless the President certifies to Congress for that year that the proposed recipient state is committed to each of the following:

(1) Making substantial investment of its resources for dismantling or destroying its weapons of mass destruction, if such state has an obligation under a treaty or other agreement to destroy or dismantle any such weapons.

(2) Foregoing any military modernization program that exceeds legitimate defense requirements and foregoing the replacement of destroyed weapons of mass destruction.

(3) Foregoing any use in new nuclear weapons of fissionable or other components of destroyed nuclear weapons.

(4) Facilitating United States verification of any weapons destruction carried out under this title, section 1412(b) of the Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of 1992 (title XIV of Public Law 102-484; 22 U.S.C. 590(b)), or section 212(b) of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 (title II of Public Law 102-228; 22 U.S.C. 2551 note).

(5) Complying with all relevant arms control agreements.

(6) Observing internationally recognized human rights, including the protection of minorities.

SEC. 1204. DEMILITARIZATION ENTERPRISE FUND.

(a) DESIGNATION OF FUND.--The President is authorized to designate a Demilitarization Enterprise Fund for the purposes of this section. The President may designate as the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund any organization that satisfies the requirements of subsection (e).

(b) PURPOSE OF FUND.--The purpose of the Demilitarization

Enterprise Fund is to receive grants pursuant to this section and to use the grant proceeds to provide financial support under programs described in subsection (b)(5) for demilitarization of industries and conversion of military technologies and capabilities into civilian activities.

(c) GRANT AUTHORITY.--The President may make one or more grants to the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund.

(d) RISK CAPITAL FUNDING OF DEMILITARIZATION.--The Demilitarization Enterprise Fund shall use the proceeds of grants received under this section to provide financial support in accordance with subsection (b) through transactions as follows:

(1) Making loans.

(2) Making grants.

(3) Providing collateral for loan guaranties by the Export- Import Bank of the United States.

(4) Taking equity positions.

(5) Providing venture capital in joint ventures with United States industry.

(6) Providing risk capital through any other form of transaction that the President considers appropriate for supporting programs described in subsection (b)(5).

(e) ELIGIBLE ORGANIZATION.--An organization is eligible for designation as the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund if the organization--

(1) is a private, nonprofit organization;

(2) is governed by a board of directors consisting of private citizens of the United States; and

(3) provides assurances acceptable to the President that it will use grants received under this section to provide financial support in accordance with this section.

(f) OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS.--The following provisions of section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-179; 22 U.S.C. 5421) shall apply with respect to the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund in the same manner as such provisions apply to Enterprise Funds designated pursuant to subsection (d) of such section:

(1) Subsection (d)(5), relating to the private character of Enterprise Funds.

(2) Subsection (h), relating to retention of interest earned in interest bearing accounts.

(3) Subsection (i), relating to use of United States private venture capital.

(4) Subsection (k), relating to support from Executive agencies.

(5) Subsection (l), relating to limitation on payments to Fund personnel.

(6) Subsections (m) and (n), relating to audits.

(7) Subsection (o), relating to record keeping requirements.

(8) Subsection (p), relating to annual reports.

In addition, returns on investments of the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund and other payments to the Fund may be reinvested in projects of the Fund.

(g) EXPERIENCE OF OTHER ENTERPRISE FUNDS.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Board of Directors of the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund should adopt for that Fund practices and procedures that have been developed by Enterprise Funds for which funding has been made available pursuant to section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (Public Law 101-179; 22 U.S.C. 5421).

(h) CONSULTATION REQUIREMENT.--In the implementation of this section, the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the Agency for International Development shall be consulted to ensure that the Articles of Incorporation of the Fund (including provisions specifying the responsibilities of the Board of Directors of the Fund), the terms of United States Government grant agreements with the Fund, and United States Government oversight of the Fund are, to the maximum extent practicable, consistent with the Articles of Incorporation of, the terms of grant agreements with, and the oversight of the Enterprise Funds established pursuant to section 201 of the Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (22 U.S.C. 5421) and comparable provisions of law.

(i) INITIAL IMPLEMENTATION.--The Board of Directors of the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund shall publish the first annual report of the Fund not later than January 31, 1995.

(j) TERMINATION OF DESIGNATION.--A designation of an organization as the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund under subsection (a) shall be temporary. When making the designation, the President shall provide for the eventual termination of the designation.

SEC. 1205. FUNDING FOR FISCAL YEAR 1994.

(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.--Funds authorized to be appropriated under section 301(21) shall be available for cooperative threat reduction with states of the former Soviet Union under this title.

(b) LIMITATIONS.

(1) Not more than $15,000,000 of the funds referred to in subsection (a) may be made available for programs authorized in subsection (b)(6) of section 1203.

(2) Not more than $20,000,000 of such funds may be made available for programs authorized in subsection (b)(7) of section 1203.

(3) Not more than $40,000,000 of such funds may be made available for grants to the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund designated pursuant to section 1204 and for related administrative expenses.

(c) AUTHORIZATION OF EXTENSION OF AVAILABILITY OF PRIOR YEAR FUNDS.--To the extent provided in appropriations Acts, the authority to transfer funds of the Department of Defense provided in section 9110(a) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102-396; 106 Stat. 1928), and in section 108 of Public Law 102-229 (105 Stat. 1708) shall continue to be in effect during fiscal year 1994.

SEC. 1206. PRIOR NOTICE TO CONGRESS OF OBLIGATION OF FUNDS.

(a) NOTICE OF PROPOSED OBLIGATION.--Not less than 15 days before obligation of any funds for programs under section 1203, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees as defined in section 1208 a report on the proposed obligation. Each such report shall specify--

(1) the activities and forms of assistance for which the President plans to obligate such funds;

(2) the amount of the proposed obligation; and

(3) the projected involvement of the departments and agencies of the United States Government and the private sector of the United States.

(b) REPORTS ON DEMILITARIZATION OR CONVERSION PROJECTS.--Any report under subsection (a) that covers proposed demilitarization or conversion projects under paragraph (5) or (6) of section 1203(b) shall contain additional information to assist the Congress in determining the merits of the proposed projects. Such information shall include descriptions of--

(1) the facilities to be demilitarized;

(2) the types of activities conducted at those facilities and of the types of nonmilitary activities planned for those facilities;

(3) the forms of assistance to be provided by the United States Government and by the private sector of the United States;

(4) the extent to which military activities and production capability will consequently be eliminated at those facilities; and

(5) the mechanisms to be established for monitoring progress on those projects.

SEC. 1207. SEMIANNUAL REPORT.

Not later than April 30, 1994, and not later than October 30, 1994, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the activities carried out under this title. Each such report shall set forth, for the preceding six-month period and cumulatively, the following:

(1) The amounts obligated and expended for such activities and the purposes for which they were obligated and expended.

(2) A description of the participation, if any, of each department and agency of the United States Government in such activities.

(3) A description of the activities carried out and the forms of assistance provided, and a description of the extent to which the private sector of the United States has participated in the activities for which amounts were obligated and expended under this title.

(4) Such other information as the President considers appropriate to fully inform the Congress concerning the operation of the programs and activities carried out under this title, including, with respect to proposed demilitarization or conversion projects, additional information on the progress toward demilitarization of facilities and the conversion of the demilitarized facilities to civilian activities.

SEC. 1208. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

In this title, the term "appropriate congressional committees" means--

(1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on Appropriations of the House and the Senate, wherever the account, budget activity, or program is funded from appropriations made under the international affairs budget function (150);

(2) the Committees on Armed Services and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives, wherever the account, budget activity, or program is funded from appropriations made under the national defense budget function (050); and

(3) the committee to which the specified activities of section 1203, if the subject of separate legislation, would be referred under the rules of the respective House of Congress.

SEC. 1209. AUTHORIZATION FOR ADDITIONAL FISCAL YEAR 1993 ASSISTANCE TO THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION.

(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.--There is hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 1993 for "Operation and Maintenance, Defense Agencies" the additional sum of $979,000,000, to be available for the purposes of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union.

(b) AUTHORIZATION OF TRANSFER OF FUNDS.--The Secretary of Defense may, to the extent provided in appropriations Acts, transfer from the account "Operation and Maintenance, Defense Agencies" for fiscal year 1993 a sum not to exceed the amount appropriated pursuant to the authorization in subsection (a) to--

(1) other accounts of the Department of Defense for the purpose of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union; or

(2) appropriations available to the Department of State and other agencies of the United States Government for the purpose of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union for programs that the President determines will increase the national security of the United States.

(c) ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.--(1) Amounts transferred under subsection (b) shall be available subject to the same terms and conditions as the appropriations to which transferred.

(2) The authority to make transfers pursuant to this section is in addition to any other transfer authority of the Department of Defense.

(d) COORDINATION OF PROGRAMS.--The President shall coordinate the programs described in subsection (b) with those authorized in the other provisions of this title and in the provisions of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-511) so as to optimize the contribution such programs make to the national interests of the United States.