CFE TREATY: PROTOCOL ON PROCEDURES GOVERNING THE REDUCTION....

PROTOCOL ON PROCEDURES GOVERNING THE REDUCTION
OF CONVENTIONAL ARMAMENTS AND EQUIPMENT LIMITED
BY THE TREATY ON CONVENTIONAL ARMED FORCES IN EUROPE

The States Parties hereby agree upon procedures governing the reduction of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty as set forth in Article VIII of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe of November 19, 1990, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty.

SECTION I. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REDUCTION

1. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall be reduced in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Protocol and the other protocols listed in Article VIII, paragraph 1 of the Treaty. Any one of such procedures shall be deemed sufficient, when conducted in accordance with the provisions of Article VIII of the Treaty or this Protocol, to carry out reduction.

2. Each State Party shall have the right to use any technological means it deems appropriate to implement the procedures for reducing conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty.

3. Each State Party shall have the right to remove, retain and use those components and parts of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty which are not themselves subject to reduction in accordance with the provisions of Section II of this Protocol, and to dispose of debris.

4. Unless otherwise provided for in this Protocol, conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall be reduced so as to preclude their further use or restoration for military purposes.

5. After entry into force of the Treaty, additional procedures for reduction may be proposed by any State Party. Such proposals shall be communicated to all other States Parties and shall provide the details of such procedures in the same format as the procedures set forth in this Protocol. Any such procedures shall be deemed sufficient to carry out the reduction of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty upon a decision to that effect by the Joint Consultative Group.

SECTION II. STANDARDS FOR PRESENTATION AT REDUCTION SITES

1. Each item of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty which is to be reduced shall be presented at a reduction site. Each such item shall consist, at a minimum, of the following parts and elements:

(A) for battle tanks: the hull, turret and integral main armament. For the purposes of this Protocol, an integral main armament of a battle tank shall be deemed to include the gun tube, breech system, trunnions and trunnion mounts;

(B) for armoured combat vehicles: the hull, turret and integral main armament, if any. For the purposes of this Protocol, an integral main armament of an armoured combat vehicle shall be deemed to include the gun tube, breech system, trunnions and trunnion mounts. For the purposes of this Protocol, an integral main armament shall be deemed not to include machine guns of less than 20 millimetre calibre, all of which may be salvaged;

(C) for artillery: the tube, breech system, cradle including trunnions and trunnion mounts, trails, if any; or launcher tubes or launcher rails and their bases; or mortar tubes and their base plates. In the case of self-propelled pieces of artillery, the vehicle hull and turret, if any, shall also be presented;

(D) for combat aircraft: the fuselage; and

(E) for attack helicopters: the fuselage, including the transmission mounting area.

2. In each case, the item presented at the reduction site in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Section shall consist of a complete assembly.

3. Parts and elements of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty not specified in paragraph 1 of this Section, as well as parts and elements which are not affected by reduction under the procedures of this Protocol, including the turrets of armoured personnel carriers equipped only with machine guns, may be disposed of as the State Party undertaking the reduction decides.

SECTION III. PROCEDURES FOR REDUCTION OF BATTLE TANKS BY DESTRUCTION

1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the destruction of battle tanks at reduction sites.

2. Procedure for destruction by severing:

(A) removal of special equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of onboard armament systems;

(B) removal of the turret, if any;

(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(D) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;

(E) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret;

(F) severing of two sections from the perimeter of the hull turret aperture, each constituting a portion of a sector with an angle of no less than 60 degrees and, at a minimum, 200 millimetres in radial axis, centred on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; and

(G) severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so that, the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions.

3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition:

(A) hull, hatches and cornerplates shall be open to maximise venting;

(B) an explosive charge shall be placed inside the gun tube where the trunnions connect to the gun mount or cradle;

(C) an explosive charge shall be placed on the outside of the hull between the second and third road wheels, or between the third and fourth road wheels in a six road wheel configuration, avoiding natural weaknesses such as welds or escape hatches. The charge must be located within the radius of the turret casting. A second charge shall be placed on the inside of the hull on the same side of the tank, offset and opposite to the external charge;

(D) an explosive charge shall be placed on the inside of the turret casting in the area of the main armament mounting; and

(E) all charges shall be fired simultaneously so that the main hull and turret are cracked and distorted; the breech block is stripped from the gun tube, fused or deformed; the gun tube is split or longitudinally cut; the gun mount or cradle is ruptured so as to be unable to mount a gun tube; and damage is caused to the running gear so that at least one of the road wheel stations is destroyed.

4. Procedure for destruction by deformation:

(A) removal of special equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of onboard armament systems;

(B) removal of the turret, if any;

(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(D) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;

(E) severing of either of the gun trunnions; and

(F) the hull and turret shall be deformed so that their widths are each reduced by at least 20 percent.

5. Procedure for destruction by smashing:

(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be dropped repeatedly onto the hull and turret until the hull is cracked in at least three separate places and the turret in at least one place;

(B) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and deform visibly the breech ring; and

SECTION IV. PROCEDURES FOR THE REDUCTION OF ARMOURED COMBAT VEHICLES BY DESTRUCTION

1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any of the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the destruction of armoured combat vehicles at reduction sites.

2. Procedure for destruction by severing:

(A) for all armoured combat vehicles, removal of special equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board armament systems;

(B) for tracked armoured combat vehicles, severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions;

(C) for wheeled armoured combat vehicles, severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the front wheel final gearbox mounting areas by vertical, horizontal and irregular cuts in the side, front, deck and belly plates so that the front wheel final gearbox mounting areas are included in the severed portions at a distance of no less than 100 millimetres from the cuts; and

(D) in addition, for armoured infantry fighting vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles:

(1) removal of the turret;

(2) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret;

(3) for the gun breech system:

(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places;

(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block; or

(4) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring; and

(5) severing of two sections from the perimeter of the hull turret aperture, each constituting a portion of a sector with an angle of no less than 60 degrees and, at a minimum, 200 millimetres in radial axis, centred on the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition:

(A) an explosive charge shall be placed on the interior floor at the mid-point of the vehicle;

(B) a second explosive charge shall be placed as follows:

(1) for heavy armament combat vehicles, inside the gun where the trunnions connect to the gun mount or cradle;

(2) for armoured infantry fighting vehicles, on the exterior of the receiver/breech area and lower barrel group;

(D) the charges shall be detonated simultaneously so as to split the sides and top of the hull. For heavy armament combat vehicles and armoured infantry fighting vehicles, damage to the gun system shall be equivalent to that specified in paragraph 2, subparagraph (D) of this Section.

4. Procedure for destruction by smashing:

(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be dropped repeatedly onto the hull and the turret, if any, until the hull is cracked in at least three separate places and the turret, if any, in one place;

(B) in addition, for heavy armament combat vehicles:

(1) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and shall deform visibly the breech ring; and

(2) the gun tube shall be visibly cracked or bent.

SECTION V. PROCEDURES FOR THE REDUCTION OF ARTILLERY BY DESTRUCTION

1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the destruction of guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers, multiple launch rocket systems or mortars at reduction sites.

2. Procedure for destruction by severing of guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers, or mortars, that are not self-propelled:

(A) removal of special equipment, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of the gun, howitzer, artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortar;

(B) for the breech system, if any, of the gun, howitzer, artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortar, either:

(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(D) severing of the left trunnion of the cradle and the mounting area of that trunnion in the upper carriage; and

(E) severing of the trails, or the base plate of the mortar, into two approximately equal parts.

3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of guns, howitzers, or artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers that are not self-propelled:

(A) explosive charges shall be placed in the tube, on one cradle mount in the upper carriage and on the trails, and detonated so that:

(1) the tube is split or longitudinally torn within 1.5 metres of the breech;

(2) the breech block is torn off, deformed or partially melted;

(3) the attachments between the tube and the breech ring and between one of the trunnions of the cradle and the upper carriage are destroyed or sufficiently damaged to make them further inoperative; and

(4) the trails are separated into two approximately equal parts or sufficiently damaged to make them further inoperative.

4. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of mortars that are not self-propelled: explosive charges shall be placed in the mortar tube and on the base plate so that, when the charges are detonated, the mortar tube is ruptured in its lower half and the base plate is severed into two approximately equal parts.

5. Procedure for destruction by deformation of mortars that are not self-propelled:

(A) the mortar tube shall be visibly bent approximately at its mid-point; and

(B) the base plate shall be bent approximately on the centreline at an angle of at least 45 degrees.

6. Procedure for destruction by severing of self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars:

(A) removal of special equipment, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of the gun, howitzer, artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortar;

(B) for the breech system, if any, of the gun, howitzer, artillery piece combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortar, either:

(1) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(2) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(D) severing of the left trunnion and trunnion mount; and

(E) severing of sections of both sides from the hull which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions.

7. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars:

(A) for self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars with a turret: the method specified for battle tanks in Section III, paragraph 3 of this Protocol shall be applied in order to achieve results equivalent to those specified in that provision; and

(B) for self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars without a turret: an explosive charge shall be placed in the hull under the forward edge of the traversing deck that supports the tube, and detonated so as to separate the deck plate from the hull. For the destruction of the weapon system, the method specified for guns, howitzers, or artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers in paragraph 3 of this Section shall be applied in order to achieve results equivalent to those specified in that provision.

8. Procedure for destruction by smashing of self-propelled guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers or mortars:

(A) a heavy steel wrecking ball, or the equivalent, shall be dropped repeatedly onto the hull and turret, if any, until the hull is cracked in at least three separate places and the turret in at least one place;

(B) the hits of the ball on the turret shall render either of the trunnions and its trunnion mount inoperative, and deform visibly the breech ring; and

9. Procedure for destruction by severing of multiple launch rocket systems:

(A) removal of special equipment from the multiple launch rocket system, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of its combat systems; and

(B) removal of tubes or launch rails, screws (gears) of elevation mechanism sectors, tube bases or launch rail bases and their rotatable parts and severing them into two approximately equal parts in areas that are not assembly joints.

10. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition of multiple launch rocket systems: a linear shaped charge shall be placed across the tubes or launcher rails, and tube or launcher rail bases. When detonated, the charge shall sever the tubes or launcher rails, tube or launcher rail bases and their rotatable parts, into two approximately equal parts in areas that are not assembly joints.

11. Procedure for destruction by deformation of multiple launch rocket systems: all tubes or launcher rails, tube or launcher rail bases and the sighting system shall be visibly bent at approximately the mid-point.

SECTION VI. PROCEDURES FOR THE REDUCTION OF COMBAT AIRCRAFT BY DESTRUCTION

1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one

of the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the destruction of combat aircraft at reduction sites.

2. Procedure for destruction by severing: the fuselage of the aircraft shall be divided into three parts not on assembly joints by severing its nose immediately forward of the cockpit and its tail in the central wing section area so that assembly joints, if there are any in the areas to be severed, shall be contained in the severed portions.

3. Procedure for destruction by deformation:

the fuselage shall be deformed throughout by compression, so that its height, width or length is reduced by at least 30 percent.

4. Procedure for destruction by use as target drones:

(A) each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use as target drones no more than 200 combat aircraft during the 40month reduction period;

(B) the target drone shall be destroyed in flight by munitions fired by the armed forces of the State Party owning the target drone;

(C) if the attempt to shoot down the target drone fails and it is subsequently destroyed by a self-destruct mechanism, the procedures of this paragraph shall continue to apply. Otherwise the target drone may be recovered or may be claimed destroyed by accident in accordance with Section IX of this Protocol, depending on the circumstances; and

(D) notification of destruction shall be made to all other States Parties. Such notification shall include the type of the destroyed target drone and the location where it was destroyed. Within 90 days of the notification, the State Party claiming such reduction shall send documentary evidence, such as a report of the investigation, to all other States Parties. In the event of ambiguities relating to the destruction of a particular target drone, reduction shall not be considered complete until final resolution of the matter.

SECTION VII. PROCEDURES FOR THE REDUCTION OF ATTACK HELICOPTERS BY DESTRUCTION

1. Each State Party shall have the right to choose any one of the following sets of procedures each time it carries out the destruction of attack helicopters at reduction sites.

2. Procedure for destruction by severing:

(A) the tail boom or tail part shall be severed from the fuselage so that the assembly joint is contained in the severed portion; and

(B) at least two transmission mounts on the fuselage shall be severed, fused or deformed.

3. Procedure for destruction by explosive demolition: any type and number of explosives may be used so that, at a minimum, after detonation the fuselage is cut into two pieces through that section of the fuselage that contains the transmission mounting area.

4. Procedure for destruction by deformation: the fuselage shall be deformed throughout by compression so that its height, width or length is reduced by at least 30 percent.

SECTION VIII. RULES AND PROCEDURES FOR REDUCTION OF CONVENTIONAL ARMAMENTS AND EQUIPMENT LIMITED BY THE TREATY BY CONVERSION FOR NON-MILITARY PURPOSES

1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce a certain number of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles by conversion. The types of vehicles that may be converted are listed in paragraph 3 of this Section and the specific non-military purposes for which they may be converted are listed in paragraph 4 of this Section. Converted vehicles shall not be placed in service with the conventional armed forces of a State Party.

2. Each State Party shall determine the number of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles it will convert. This number shall not exceed:

(A) for battle tanks, 5.7 percent (not to exceed 750 battle tanks) of the maximum level for holdings of battle tanks it notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty, or 150 items whichever is the greater; and

(B) for armoured combat vehicles, 15 percent (not to exceed 3,000 armoured combat vehicles) of the maximum level for holdings of armoured combat vehicles it notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty, or 150 items whichever is the greater.

3. The following vehicles may be converted for non-military purposes: T-54, T-55, T-62, T-64, T-72, Leopard 1, BMP-1, BTR-60, OT-64. The States Parties, within the framework of the Joint Consultative Group, may make changes to the list of vehicles which may be converted to non-military purposes. Such changes, pursuant to Article XVI, paragraph 5 of the Treaty shall be deemed improvements to the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty relating only to minor matters of a technical nature.

4. Such vehicles shall be converted for the following specific non-military purposes:

(A) general purpose prime movers;

(B) bulldozers;

(D) cranes;

(E) power unit vehicles;

(F) mineral fine crushing vehicles;

(G) quarry vehicles;

(H) rescue vehicles;

(I) casualty evacuation vehicles;

(J) transportation vehicles;

(K) oil rig vehicles;

(L) oil and chemical product spill cleaning vehicles;

(M) tracked ice breaking prime movers;

(N) environmental vehicles.

The States Parties, within the framework of the Joint Consultative Group, may make changes to the list of specific non-military purposes. Such changes, pursuant to Article XVI, paragraph 5 of the Treaty shall be deemed improvements to the viability and effectiveness of the Treaty relating only to minor matters of a technical nature.

5. On entry into force of the Treaty, each State Party shall notify to all other States Parties the number of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles that it plans to convert in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty. Notification of a State Party's intention to carry out conversion in accordance with this Section shall be given to all other States Parties at least 15 days in advance in accordance with Section X, paragraph 5 of the Protocol on Inspection. It shall specify the number and types of vehicles to be converted, the starting date and completion date of conversion, as well as the specific non-military purpose vehicles to emerge after conversion.

6. The following procedures shall be carried out before conversion of battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles at reduction sites:

(A) for battle tanks:

(1) removal of special equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board armament systems;

(2) removal of the turret, if any;

(3) for the gun breech system, either:

(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(4) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring;

(5) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret; and

(6) cutting out and removal of a portion of the hull top armour beginning from the front glacis to the middle of the hull turret aperture, together with the associated portions of the side armour at a height of no less than 200 millimetres (for the T-64 and T-72, no less than 100 millimetres) below the level of the hull top armour, as well as the associated portion of the front glacis plate severed at the same height. The severed portion of this front glacis plate shall consist of no less than the upper third; and

(B) for armoured combat vehicles:

(1) for all armoured combat vehicles, removal of special equipment from the chassis, including detachable equipment, that ensures the operation of on-board armament systems;

(2) for rear-engined vehicles, cutting out and removal of a portion of the hull top armour from the front glacis to the bulkhead of the engine-transmission compartment, together with the associated portions of the side and front armour at a height of no less than 300 millimetres below the level of the top of the assault crew compartment;

(3) for front-engined vehicles, cutting out and removal of a portion of the hull top armour plate from the bulkhead of the engine-transmission compartment to the rear of the vehicle, together with the associated portions of the side armour at a height of no less than 300 millimetres below the level of the top of the assault crew compartment ; and

(4) in addition, for armoured infantry fighting vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles:

(a) removal of the turret;

(b) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret;

(i) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places;

(ii) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block; or

(iii) severing of the breech casing into two approximately equal parts; and

(d) severing of the gun tube into two parts at a distance of no more than 100 millimetres from the breech ring.

7. Battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles being reduced pursuant to paragraph 6 of this Section shall be subject to inspection, without right of refusal, in accordance with Section X of the Protocol on Inspection. Battle tanks and armoured combat vehicles shall be deemed reduced upon completion of the procedures specified in paragraph 6 of this Section and notification in accordance with Section X of the Protocol on Inspection.

8. Vehicles reduced pursuant to paragraph 7 of this Section shall remain subject to notification pursuant to Section IV of the Protocol on Information Exchange until final conversion for non-military purposes has been completed and notification has been made in accordance with Section X, paragraph 12 of the Protocol on Inspection.

9. Vehicles undergoing final conversion for non-military purposes shall also be subject to inspection in accordance with Section X of the Protocol on Inspection, with the following changes:

(A) the process of final conversion at a reduction site shall not be subject to inspection; and

(B) all other States Parties shall have the right to inspect fully converted vehicles, without right of refusal, upon receipt of a notification from the State Party conducting final conversion specifying when final conversion procedures will be completed.

10. If, having completed the procedures specified in paragraph 6 of this Section on a given vehicle, it is decided not to proceed with final conversion, then the vehicle shall be destroyed within the time limits for conversion set forth in Article VIII of the Treaty in accordance with the appropriate procedures set forth elsewhere in this Protocol.

SECTION IX. PROCEDURE IN THE EVENT OF DESTRUCTION BY ACCIDENT

1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce its reduction liability for each category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty in the event of destruction by accident by an amount no greater than 1.5 percent of the maximum levels for holdings it notified at the signature of the Treaty for that category.

2. An item of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty shall be deemed reduced, in accordance with Article VIII of the Treaty, if the accident in which it was destroyed is notified to all other States Parties within seven days of its occurrence. Notification shall include the type of the destroyed item, the date of the accident, the approximate location of the accident and the circumstances related to the accident.

3. Within 90 days of the notification, the State Party claiming such reduction shall provide documentary evidence, such as a report of the investigation, to all other States Parties in accordance with Article XVII of the Treaty. In the event of ambiguities relating to the accident, such reduction shall not be considered complete until final resolution of the matter.

SECTION X. PROCEDURE FOR REDUCTION BY MEANS OF STATIC DISPLAY

1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by means of static display a certain number of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty.

2. No State Party shall use static display to reduce more than one percent or eight items, whichever is the greater number, of its maximum levels for holdings it declared at the signature of the Treaty for each category of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty.

3. Notwithstanding paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Section, each State Party also shall have the right to retain in working order two items of each existing type of conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty for the purpose of static display. Such conventional armaments and equipment shall be displayed at museums or other similar sites.

4. Conventional armaments and equipment placed on static display or in museums prior to the signature of the Treaty shall not be subject to any numerical limitations set forth in the Treaty, including the numerical limitations set forth in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section.

5. Such items to be reduced by means of static display shall undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:

(A) all items to be displayed that are powered by self- contained engines shall have their fuel tanks rendered incapable of holding fuel and:

(1) have their engine(s) and transmission removed and their mounts damaged so that these pieces cannot be refitted; or

(2) have their engine compartment filled with concrete or a polymer resin;

(B) all items to be displayed equipped with 75 millimetre or larger guns with permanently fixed elevation and traversing mechanisms shall have their elevation and traversing mechanisms welded so that the tube can be neither traversed nor elevated. In addition, those items to be displayed which use pinion and rack or pinion and ring mechanisms for traversing or elevating shall have three consecutive gear teeth cut off from the rack or ring on each side of the pinion of the gun tube;

(C) all items to be displayed which are equipped with weapon systems that do not meet the criteria set forth in subparagraph (B) this paragraph shall have their barrel and receiver group filled with either concrete or a polymer resin, beginning at the face of the bolt/breech and ending within 100 millimetres of the muzzle.

SECTION XI. PROCEDURE FOR REDUCTION BY USE AS GROUND TARGETS

1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use as ground targets a certain number of battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles and self-propelled pieces of artillery.

2. No State Party shall reduce by use as ground targets numbers of battle tanks or armoured combat vehicles greater than 2.5 percent of its maximum level for holdings in each of those two categories as notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty. In addition, no State Party shall have the right to reduce by use as ground targets more than 50 selfpropelled pieces of artillery.

3. Conventional armaments and equipment in use as ground targets prior to the signature of the Treaty shall not be subject to any numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V or VI of the Treaty, or to the numerical limitations set forth in paragraph 2 of this Section.

4. Such items to be reduced by use as ground targets shall undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:

(A) for battle tanks and self-propelled pieces of artillery:

(1) for the breech system, either:

(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places; or

(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the long axis of the cavity that receives the breech block;

(2) severing of either of the trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret; and

(3) severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, such that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions; and

(B) for armoured combat vehicles:

(1) for the gun breech system:

(a) welding the breech block to the breech ring in at least two places;

(b) cutting of at least one side of the breech ring along the axis of the cavity that receives the breech block; or

(2) severing of either of the gun trunnions and its trunnion mount in the turret;

(3) for tracked armoured combat vehicles, severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the final drive apertures, by vertical and horizontal cuts in the side plates and diagonal cuts in the deck or belly plates and front or rear plates, so that the final drive apertures are contained in the severed portions; and

(4) for wheeled armoured combat vehicles, severing of sections from both sides of the hull which include the front wheel final gearbox mounting areas by vertical, horizontal and irregular cuts in the side, front, deck and belly plates so that the front wheel final gear box mounting areas are included in the severed portions at a distance of no less than 100 millimetres from the cuts.

SECTION XII. PROCEDURE FOR REDUCTION BY USE FOR GROUND INSTRUCTIONAL PURPOSES

1. Each State Party shall have the right to reduce by use for ground instructional purposes a certain number of combat aircraft and attack helicopters.

2. No State Party shall reduce by use for ground instructional purposes numbers of combat aircraft or attack helicopters greater than five percent of its maximum level for holdings in each of those two categories as notified at the signature of the Treaty pursuant to Article VII of the Treaty.

3. Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty in use for ground instructional purposes prior to the signature of the Treaty shall not be subject to any numerical limitations set forth in Article IV, V or VI of the Treaty, or the numerical limitations set forth in paragraph 2 of this Section.

4. Such items to be reduced by use for ground instructional purposes shall undergo the following procedures at reduction sites:

(A) for combat aircraft:

(1) severing of the fuselage into two parts in the central wing area;

(2) removal of engines, mutilation of engine mounting points and either filling of all fuel tanks with concrete, polymer or resin setting compounds or removal of the fuel tanks and mutilation of the fuel tank mounting points; or

(3) removal of all internal, external and removable armament and armament systems equipment, removal of the tail fin and mutilation of the tail fin mounting points, and filling of all but one fuel tank with concrete, polymer or resin setting compounds; and

(B) for attack helicopters: severing of the tail boom or tail part from the fuselage so that the assembly joint is contained in the severed portion.

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PROTOCOL ON PROCEDURES GOVERNING THE REDUCTION
OF CONVENTIONAL ARMAMENTS AND EQUIPMENT
LIMITED BY THE TREATY ON CONVENTIONAL ARMED FORCES IN EUROPE